Autism: Causes and Risk Factors

Autism is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder, and its exact causes are still not fully understood. However, research shows that genetic, environmental and neurobiological factors play a role in the development of autism. In this article, I will provide more information on the causes and risk factors of autism.

Genetic Factors:

The genetic predisposition to autism is quite strong. Family history may increase the risk of autism. If you have a first-degree relative with a family history of autism, your risk of autism may be higher. At the same time, twin studies also support a genetic component of autism. Identical twins (monozygotic twins) are more likely to both have autism than fraternal twins (dizygotic twins).

Neurobiological Factors:

Many studies have been conducted on the neurobiological basis of autism. Structural and functional differences in the brain are considered one of the causes of autism. In particular, disorders in communication between nerve cells in the brain can contribute to the development of autism.

Environmental Factors:

Environmental factors are thought to play a role in the development of autism. However, these factors are still not fully understood. Some studies suggest that infections, medications, or chemicals the mother is exposed to during pregnancy may increase the risk of autism. However, the role of environmental factors in the development of autism is still unclear.

Immunological Factors:

Some research shows that autism may be related to the immune system. It is thought that some factors related to the immune system of the fetus in the womb may increase the risk of autism.

Father’s Age:

Some studies show that paternal age may increase the risk of autism. In particular, children of older fathers may be at higher risk of autism.

Gender:

Autism is more common in boys than girls. This suggests that the gender factor may have an impact on the risk of autism.

As a result, the causes and risk factors of autism can be complex and multiple. It is certain that genetic predisposition plays an important role in the development of autism. However, it is thought that environmental factors may also have an impact. The exact causes of autism remain a subject of research. More information will be obtained with further studies. Therefore, early diagnosis of autism and provision of appropriate support and education can improve the quality of life of individuals with autism.