Inner ear crystals, or otoconia as they are scientifically known, are a structure that provides balance in the vestibular system. The functions of these crystals are related to sensing head position and movement, balancing the body, and maintaining stable vision. However, sometimes these crystals may move or the intra-ear fluid balance may be disrupted. This can lead to various balance problems. In this article, we will examine current approaches used in the diagnosis and treatment of ear crystals.
Diagnosis of Ear Crystals
Diagnosis of these crystals is made through a series of clinical and laboratory tests. The main diagnostic methods are:
- In-Ear Video (Video-Otoscopy): It is used to look at the location of ear crystals and diagnose possible problems.
- Dix-Hallpike Test: This test is commonly used to diagnose benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). The patient is turned under the guidance of the doctor, who asks that his head be kept in a certain position. And vertigo symptoms are monitored.
- Eye Movement Monitoring: Monitoring eye movements during vertigo caused by autolytic crystals supports the diagnosis.
- Vestibular Tests: Vestibular functions are evaluated with tests such as electrococulography (ENG) or videonystagmography (VNG).
Treatment of Ear Crystals
Various methods and approaches are used in the treatment of these crystals. The treatment basically aims to position the ear crystals correctly and correct the balance system. Here are some current treatment approaches:
- Epley Maneuver: It is a frequently used method in the treatment of BPPV. The patient’s head is rotated in a certain sequence. Autolytic crystals are allowed to return to their place in the ear.
- Semont Maneuver: Similarly, it is used in the treatment of BPPV. This maneuver involves the patient quickly turning their head to one side. It ensures the correction of crystals.
- Brandt-Daroff Exercises: These are exercises that can be done at home in the treatment of BPPV. The patient retrains the balance system by performing exercises that change the head position.
- Crystal Placement: In this method, doctors can perform surgery to place the crystals in place. However, this method is rarely used and is considered for more serious cases.
- Medication: In some cases, especially inner ear problems such as Meniere’s disease, drug therapy can be used to control balance problems.
Current Approaches in Diagnosis and Treatment
When ear crystals become displaced or cause balance problems, it can significantly affect quality of life. However, today, there are many current approaches and methods for the diagnosis and treatment of these problems. Correct diagnosis and appropriate treatment can help patients cope with balance problems. Therefore, it is important for individuals experiencing problems with these crystals to consult a specialist.